Which transducer converts electrical energy to mechanical energy?

• A. Motor
• B. Lighting lamp
• C. Heater
• D. Microphone

Answer: (A)

Converting electrical energy into mechanical energy is what a motor does. In a motor, electric current through windings creates a magnetic field that interacts with permanent magnets or other windings to produce torque on the rotor. This torque makes the rotor spin, turning electrical power into kinetic (mechanical) energy that can drive a fan, a drill, a conveyor, and many other moving parts.

In contrast, a lighting lamp changes electrical energy into light (and some heat), not motion. A heater mainly converts electrical energy into heat. A microphone does the reverse of what you’re asked: it picks up mechanical energy from sound waves and converts it into an electrical signal. So the motor is the device that best matches electrical energy being transformed into mechanical energy.